Combination measuring instrument.



W. J. ROBNSON.

GoMBINATIoN MEASURING- INSTRUMENT. APPLIOATC' FILED AUG.16, 1912.1,983,376@ Patented Jan. 6, 1914.

WILLIAM JOSEPH ROBINSON, OF HONOLULU, TER'RIT-ORY 0F HAWAII.

COMBINATION MEASURIN G INSTRUMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 6,1914.

Application filed August 16, 1912. Serial o. `715,438.

To all whom it may concern .i' Y I Be it. known that I, VViLLIaMidiomssoN, a citizen of the United States, residing I at Honolulu,Territory of Hawaii, have inf vented certain new and useful Improvementsin Combination Measuring Instruments, of which. the following is aspecifica-' tion.`

The invention relates tocombination tools, the principal function ofwhich is the measurement of angles, levels and verticals. The inventionhas for its object thesimplification of such an instrument, and themaking of 'it more convenlent, rapid and accurate in use, increasing the-range ofapplication .of the instrument to various kinds of work, orstructures tofbe measured, includin structures to which it issometimesdi y cult to or with accurate result. A

-"Viith such object inv view the invention apply this class ofinstrument conveniently i consists in the parts and combinations thereand-'claimed j of hereinafter more particularly set forth order to makethe invention more clearly `understood I have shown inthe accompanyingdrawings means for carrying lsa ' which,l for the the -same intopractical effect, without limiting my improvements, in their usefulapplications, to' the particular construction purpose of example, Ilhaveillustrated. l

' "Referring to such drawings z-Figure l is a side View of a combinedinstrument, compri'sing a bevel, level," plumb and square, embodying myimprovements, diiferent positions 'of 'one of thc lin'ibs of the samebeing shown in'dotted lines. Fig. 2 is an end View of the same. Fig. 3is a sectional view on line III-HI of Fig. 1. Fig; 4 is a sectional viewon line IV*lV oflfig. l. Fig. 5.is a sectional View, enlarged, showing aportion of one of the limbs and the arc, .and

theclamping devices forthe'latter.

l and 2 indicate the two limbs of the instrument which are hingedtogether -by a suitable pivot 3. This pivot is located with its axis inthe planes of two faces of each of the said limbs l and 2.- At thispoint the inner face and the inclined end face 4L of the limb l meet atan angle of forty-five de grecs, as do the inner face and the inclinedend face 5 of the other limb 2 of the instrument. It results from thisconstruction that when the instrument is closed, with the inner faces ofthe limbs in contact with each other, the said end faces and 5 will beat an angle of ninety degrees to each other.y Also, `when the limbs land 2 are at an angle of ninety degrees to each other, the end faces 4and 5 will be in the same plane, said plane being at an angle offorty-'five degrees to the inner faces of each of. the said liinbs l and:2.

'6 is 'a protractor arc or scale arranged -to engage 'both'of the limbs1 and 2 so vthat its center is coincident with'the axis of the pivot 3,7 parts l and 2, respectively, and located and shaped so as to Abeengaged -by the are 6 -with a closet, but rfree enough to allow of theready adjustment of the limbs upon the afrc'to the desired angle. Inordert'o enable and 8 are mortiscsformed inthe the limbs to 'be clampedsecurelyupon-tlie' arc the latter is preferably formed witha slot 9 inwhich lit set screws l0 and l1. The yset screws pass through the limbs land 2.,

respectively, and are provided at one end with a head or nut l2 and atthe other end with a nut. 13. Each side 'far .of each limb of theinstrument is formed with a recess 14, and in these recesses fit theheads and nuts of the set screws in such manner as to be flush with orso as not to project beyond the said side surfaces of the limbs. Thenuts are preferably of suticient size to enable them' to be operated bythe engagemei-it of the lfingers. with ytheir exposed surfaces, and thesurfaces4 of the nuts may be slightly roughened to `facilitate suchoperation. I prefer to make recesses 14 slightly larger than the nuts. fv

At" two points on lthe inner edge of the limb l are mounted stop slidesl5 `and lf3,

which arejfittedin recesses 1T so that theinner face 4ofthe slide shallbe flush with the inner face of the limb. The recesses 17 maybe slightlyundercut or dove tailed to retain the slides within them but permit. thestop slides to be moved out laterally -soas -to' project from eitherface of the limb, as

may `be required for the application of the instrument to anyyconstruction which is to be measured and which cannot be engagedconveniently ork at all by the edges of the limbs themselves. The stopslides fit withv sufficient tightness in their recesses to be retainedin place with both ends flush with the side surfaces of the limbs,excepting when the slides are Apushed out forjise.

18 is a level fixed in the outer edge of the limb l, the plane ofoperation and indication of such level being parallel with said edge ofthe limb; and 19 is a similar level fixed in the outer edge of the limb2. By t-lie term level, as thus used, I mean a vspirit level of knownconstruction.

2O is a double spirit level fixed in the side of the limb l of theinstrument," the plane of operation and indication of this double levelbeing at right angles to the plane of indication of the level 18; and21. is a similar double spirit level fixed in llie side face of the limb'llie levels 20 and 2l are thus operative when the limb carrying thelevel in question is vertical, whichever end of the limb is upward.

The arc G is marked with a scale of degrees from 0 to 90 on one side andis simiarly marked upon its opposite side, excepting that the two scalesrun in opposite directions so that the instrument may be usedconveniently in various positions, with either limb as a base and theother limb as an angle-measuring arm, as may be required. These scalesare preferably graduated for single degrees, but may be more finely orless finely graduated. The are is not necessarily limited to one ofninety degrees. It may be of greater or less curvature. I find itconvenient, however, to make the slot 9 of such length that when bothends of the saine are engaged by the screws 10 and ll the instrumentwill thereby be set at an;

angle of .ninety degrees, of one limb to the other.

The arrangement of the inclined faces J:

also be provided on the outer faces of the limbs, as shown at 24a lVhatl. claim is l. ln a combination measuring instrument, two limbspivotally united at one edge of their end faces and recessed upon theiropposite sides, a notractor arc having a slot and fitted in the saidlimbs and adapted to pass through the same between the said recesses,and set screws passing through the respective limbs and the slot of tliesaid arc and having their heads and threaded portions fitted in the saidrecesses so as not to project beyond the surfaces of the limbs,substantially as specified.

2. ln a combination measuring instrunient, two limbs pivotally united atone edge of their end faces, a protractor are extending' from one limbto the other concentric with their pivot, for securing the said limbsadjustably relative to each other, a transverse slide fitted in the odgeface of oneI of the said limbs, and a second transverse slide litted inthe saine face of the same limb,botli of the said slides being adaptedto be projected for engagement with work which is to be meas'ui'ed andthe straight line Conner i ing` the work-engaging faces of the twoslidcs,'and parallel with the said faces of said slides, being parallelwith the said limb, substantially as specilied.

Il. la a combination measuring instrui ment, two limbs pivotally unitedat one edge the inclination of the faces Lland 5 to cach other may beread from the scales on the arc G merely' by adding ninety degrees to'the reading of the scale. Thus, if the scale reads 5 degrees the anglemeasured by the g inclination of the sui-laces -t and 5 will be Qninety-live degrees, and so on.

The middle portion of the screws 10 and i ll may bc squared at 22 andfitted in a corresi'ionding squared mortise 223 in the limbs of theinstrument, whereby the srrews are kept from turning when the nuts are lmanipulated. Stop slides, for setting the of their end faces and havingthe end face of each limb in the saine plane with the axis of theuniting pivot, the said end faces forming a salientangle when the twolimbs are folded parallel with each other, and bei ing in a common planewhen the two limbs are at right angles to each other, a protract or arcextending from one limb vto the other, concentric with the said pivot,and means for securing the limbs to the said l are, `substantially asspecified.

In testimony whereof l atlix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ll/'lliljlalll JOSEPH ROBINSON. Witnesses:

M. T. SiMoN'i'oN, Jox-1N MaiioALLiNG.

